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Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990
The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It created the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority which is in charge of human embryo research, along with monitoring and licensing fertility clinics in the United Kingdom.〔(HFEA - Human Embro Research )〕
The Authority is composed of a chairman, a deputy chairman, and however many members are appointed by the UK Secretary of State. They are in charge of reviewing information about human embryos and subsequent development, provision of treatment services, and activities governed by the Act of 1990.〔 The Authority also offers information and advice to people seeking treatment, and to those who have donated gametes or embryos for purposes or activities covered in the Act of 1990. Some of the subjects under the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act of 1990 are prohibitions in connection with gametes, embryos, and germ cells.〔(Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990 - Principal Terms Used )〕 It also addresses licensing conditions, code of practice, and procedure of approval involving human embryos.〔(Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990 - Table of Contents )〕 This only concerns human embryos which have reached the two cell zygote stage, at which they are considered “fertilised” in the act.〔 It also governs the keeping and using of human embryos, but only outside the woman’s body. The act contains amendments to UK law regarding termination of pregnancy, surrogacy and parental rights.〔
==Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority and stem cell policy==
The Human Fertilization and Embryology Act 1990 regulates ex-vivo human embryo creation and the research involving them. This act established the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) to regulate treatment and research in the UK involving human embryos. In 2001, an extension of the Act legalized embryo research for the purposes of “increasing knowledge about the development of embryos,” “increasing knowledge about serious disease,” and “enabling any such knowledge to be applied in developing treatments for serious disease.” The HFEA grants licenses and research permission for up to three years, based on approval of five steps by the Research License Committee.〔(HFEA - Centre for Human Reproductive Science )〕
HFEA policies are reviewed by specialists in the field regularly. After research and literature are reviewed, and open public meetings are held, the summarized information is presented to the Human Fertilisation Embryology Authority.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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